One of the most jarring transitions for engineers moving from EC2 to AWS Fargate is the loss of direct server access. When a process hangs or a configuration file behaves unexpectedly, you can no longer simply ssh into the host. There is no host. For a long time, debugging Fargate tasks required cumbersome workarounds involving sidecars or reverting to EC2-backed ECS. However, the introduction of ECS Exec solved this by leveraging AWS Systems Manager (SSM). This guide details exactly how to implement ECS Exec to gain an interactive shell inside your serverless containers, covering the IAM requirements, infrastructure changes, and networking nuances required for production environments. The Architecture: Why Standard SSH Fails To solve this problem, we must understand the abstraction. In a standard EC2 environment, you control the network interface (ENI) and the operating system. You install an SSH daemon, manage keys, and open port 22. In Fargate, AWS ma...
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