Programming Tutorials

  You have just successfully compiled your C++ native module. Your unit tests pass in your local Node.js environment. You fire up your Electron application, and the render process crashes with the following stack trace: Uncaught Error: The module '\\?\C:\path\to\addon.node' was compiled against a different Node.js version using NODE_MODULE_VERSION 115. This version of Node.js requires NODE_MODULE_VERSION 121. Please try re-compiling or re-installing the module (for instance, using `npm rebuild` or `npm install`). Running  npm rebuild  rarely fixes this because it rebuilds against your  system  Node version, not the  Electron  Node version. Here is the architectural root cause and the definitive way to manage native compilation targets. The Root Cause: ABI Divergence Electron is not just a wrapper around your system's Node.js installation. It bundles its own forked version of Node.js and, critically, a specific version of the V8 JavaScript engine. ...

  If you are developing an Electron application involving native C++ modules—such as   better-sqlite3 ,   serialport , or your own custom Node addons—you have almost certainly encountered this compile-time ABI mismatch: Error: The module '/path/to/project/node_modules/better-sqlite3/build/Release/better_sqlite3.node' was compiled against a different Node.js version using NODE_MODULE_VERSION 115. This version of Node.js requires NODE_MODULE_VERSION 121. Please try re-compiling or re-installing the module (for instance, using `npm rebuild` or `npm install`). The generic advice to "delete  node_modules  and run  npm install " rarely works here. This error persists because of a fundamental architectural divergence between your system's Node.js runtime and Electron's bundled runtime. Root Cause Analysis: The ABI Divergence Node.js and Electron both rely on the V8 JavaScript engine. However, they rarely share the exact same version of V8 at any given release poin...