Few production incidents are as frustrating as a silent failure in Over-The-Air (OTA) updates. Your CI/CD pipeline reports a successful deployment via eas update . The bundle uploads to the Expo cloud. Yet, end-users report that bugs remain fixed, or worse, the application crashes immediately upon receiving the update. In 90% of these cases, the culprit is not bad JavaScript code. It is a misalignment between the Runtime Version of the native binary installed on the device and the target runtime version of the OTA update. This guide provides a rigorous technical breakdown of why this mismatch occurs, how the Expo Updates protocol evaluates compatibility, and how to implement a fail-safe configuration in your app.config.ts and CI/CD pipelines. The Anatomy of a Mismatch To solve the problem, we must first understand the mechanism of failure. When an Expo app launches, the expo-updates native module performs a handshake with the update serv...
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