android kotlin - Coroutines with ViewModel LiveData

MainActivity.kt


package com.example.coroutine

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.lifecycle.Observer
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*


class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private lateinit var model: TimeViewModel

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        // initialize the time view model
        model = ViewModelProvider(this).get(TimeViewModel::class.java)


        // observe the api time live data
        model.apiTime.observe(this, Observer {
            textView.text = ""
            it?.apply {
                textView.append(zone)
                textView.append("\n" + date)
                textView.append("\n\n" + time)
            }
        })


        // fetch api json data
        button.setOnClickListener {
            model.fetchJson()
        }
    }
}

activity_main.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#E5AA70"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        android:backgroundTint="#6C541E"
        android:text="Fetch API"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <com.google.android.material.textview.MaterialTextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        style="@style/TextAppearance.MaterialComponents.Headline4"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"
        android:padding="8dp"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:fontFamily="monospace"
        android:textColor="#563C5C"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button"
        tools:text="TextView" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

TimeViewModel.kt


package com.example.coroutine

import android.app.Application
import androidx.lifecycle.AndroidViewModel
import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData
import androidx.lifecycle.viewModelScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import org.json.JSONObject
import java.io.BufferedReader
import java.io.IOException
import java.io.InputStream
import java.io.InputStreamReader
import java.net.URL
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.util.*


class TimeViewModel(application:Application): AndroidViewModel(application){
    // live data instance
    val apiTime = MutableLiveData<APITime>()

    // initialize the view model
    init {
        fetchJson()
    }

    // function to fetch json data from api
    fun fetchJson() {
        viewModelScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
            URL("https://worldtimeapi.org/api/timezone/Europe/London")
                .openStream()
                ?.getString()?.apply {
                    apiTime.postValue(parseJson(this))
                }
        }
    }
}


// extension function to convert input stream to string
fun InputStream.getString(): String? {
    return try {
        val r = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(this))
        val result = StringBuilder()
        var line: String?
        while (r.readLine().also { line = it } != null) {
            result.append(line).appendln()
        }
        result.toString()
    }catch (e:IOException){
        e.toString()
    }
}


// data class for api time
data class APITime(
    val zone:String,
    val date:String,
    val time:String
)


// parse json data
fun parseJson(data:String):APITime{
    val obj = JSONObject(data)
    val timeZone = obj.getString("timezone")
    val unixTime = obj.getLong("unixtime")

    val date = Date(unixTime * 1000L)

    val sdf = SimpleDateFormat("dd-MMM-yyyy")
    sdf.timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(timeZone)
    val formattedDate = sdf.format(date)

    val timeFormat = SimpleDateFormat("h:mm:ss a")
    timeFormat.timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(timeZone)
    val time: String = timeFormat.format(date)

    return APITime(timeZone, formattedDate, time)
}

build.gradle (app) [code to add]


dependencies {
    // kotlin coroutines
    implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.7'
    implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.3.7'

    // life cycle
    def lifecycle_version = "2.2.0"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-livedata-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycle_version"
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
}